Occupational hazards
Core meaning: Work hazards may be physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, mechanical or psychosocial.
Step-by-step learning
Identify task and exposure
Who, what, how long.
Classify hazard
Physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, safety or psychosocial.
Assess risk
Likelihood and severity.
Control
Use hierarchy of controls.
Monitor worker health
Surveillance and reporting.
Key points to remember
- Elimination and substitution are stronger controls than PPE.
- Health workers face sharps, infection, chemicals and stress.
Possible MCQs
- Noise is which hazard type?
- Where does PPE fall in hierarchy of controls?
- Classify occupational hazards with examples.
Prevention of occupational illness and injury
Core meaning: Prevention applies engineering, administrative and personal protective measures.
Step-by-step learning
Eliminate
Remove hazardous process.
Substitute
Use safer material.
Engineering control
Isolation, ventilation or safety device.
Administrative control
Training, rotation and procedure.
PPE and surveillance
Last line plus early detection.
Key points to remember
- Do not recap used needles.
- Report and manage occupational exposure promptly.
Possible MCQs
- What is the safest sharps practice?
- Discuss preventive measures for occupational hazards in health facilities.